Methylotrophy: There are some microorganisms those
use methyl compounds as their substrate. These methyl compounds are oxidized
into carbon dioxide. They oxidize these methyl compounds to take electron to
run electron transport chain to synthesis ATP. The methyl compounds include
methane, methyl ammine and methanol. Methaylomonas
and Methaylococcus are the example
for methyalotrophs.
Methanogens: It refers to as the generation of
methane. Only few Arches including Methanomonas
and Methanococcus are capable of
generating methane. Eukarya, bacteria and other Archea are unable to generate
methane.
Archea those live in
anaerobic environments including ruminant of rumen, deep layer of soil, mud,
bottom of waste dump site and intestine perform anaerobic respiration for their
ATP synthesis. They use hydrogen as their substrate. They oxidize hydrogen into
photon. This oxidation gives electron to run electron transport chain. They use
the photon for their hydrogen acceptor in the electron transport chain.
As they live in
anaerobic environment, they have to use non oxygen terminal electron acceptors.
So they use methyl compound including methanol, methyl amine and carbon
dioxide. They reduce them into methane. Nearly 20% of world methane production
is associated with the cattle farm areas.
Methane is
combustible gas which causes regular exploitation in the dump sites. It is also
responsible for the greenhouse gas effects which cause global warming. Methane
is used as an alternative fuel for fossil fuel in the world.
Methanogens reduce the methyl compounds
into methane. So they cannot be labeled as methyltophs because methylotrophs oxidize the methyl
compounds into carbon dioxide.
Carbon cycle: In anaerobic enmvirimnets, hyrdogen is avilbe as a
result of fermentaion. Carban dioxide is availbe as byprodct of anaerobic
repsiration. Methogen use these hyrogen as their oxidizable susbtrate and
carbon dioxide as their terminal elctron acceptor. They produce methane. These
metahne is used as the susbtate by methylotrophs. They oxidize them into carban
dioxide. These carbon dioxide is fixed into organic compund by autrphs. In
addtion to ayutrophs, methogens also use these carban dioxide as their terminal
elctron aceptor and reduce them into methane. The organic matter is oxidized
compleltly into caban dioxide by anerobic and aerobic respiratory bacteria. The
organic matter is oxidized partially into small organics including alcohol,
acids and aldehydes by fermentaitve bacteria under anaerobic conditions. Occasionaly fermentative bacertia also
complety oxidize organic matter into carbon dioxides. Those small oragincs are
further oxidied into carbon dioxode by aerobic or anerobic repsiratory
bacteria.
Post a Comment